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      "label": "它一定会这样做。也就是说，设计自动驾驶汽车的时候，丰田或特斯拉",
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      "label": "就是把过去道德哲学上的理论问题转化成了实际的工程问题。",
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      "label": "当然，哲学算法永远不会是完美的。错误还是会发生，有人会受伤，",
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    {
      "label": "有人会死亡，更有随之而来麻烦不已的诉讼。(历史上第一次，可能会",
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      "label": "有哲学家因其所提出的理论造成不幸结果而被告上法庭，因为这也是历",
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      "label": "史上第一次能够证明哲学概念与现实生活中的事件有直接因果关系。)然",
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      "label": "而，如果只是要取代人类驾驶员，算法并不需要做到完美无缺，只要比",
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      "label": "人类更好就行了。鉴于人类驾驶员每年造成超过100万人因车祸死亡，",
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      "label": "算法要表现得比人类好并不是什么太难的事。你会希望旁边那辆车的驾",
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    {
      "label": "驶员是谁?是某个喝醉的小鬼，还是舒马赫和康德的合体?",
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    {
      "label": "这套逻辑不仅适用于驾驶，也适用于其他许多情况，比如申请工作。",
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      "label": "在21世纪，已经有越来越多的时候是由算法决定是否聘用某人。当然，",
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      "label": "我们不能让机器来制定相关伦理标准，这件事还是得由人类自己来完成。",
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      "label": "但只要确立了职场的伦理标准(比如不得歧视黑人或女性)，接下来就可",
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      "label": "以用机器来实施和维护这项标准了。",
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      "label": "让计算机来评估求职者，并在编写程序之初就设定要完全忽略种族和性",
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      "label": "别因素，计算机一定会乖乖跳过这些因素，因为它并没有潜意识可言。",
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      "label": "当然，要写这种求职者评估程序并不容易，而且存在一种危险：工程师",
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    {
      "label": "可能会不经意间把自己的潜在偏见写进软件里。20不过发现这种错误后",
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      "label": "要清除也并非难事，至少比清除人类种族歧视和偏见的难度要低得多。",
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      "label": "我们已经看到，人工智能兴起之后，可能会把大多数人类挤出就业",
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      "label": "市场，比如司机和交通警察(没了鲁莽的人类驾驶员，只剩下乖乖开车",
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